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Barriers and Facilitators to Promoting Oral Health Literacy and Patient Communication Among Dental Providers in California
12-30-20
Care coordination is a key strategy used to improve health outcomes and efficiency, yet there are limited examples in dentistry. A large dental accountable care organization piloted care coordination by retraining existing administrative staff to coordinate the care of high-risk patients. Following...
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Health, Quality of Life, and Economic Impacts of Home Care Vouchers for Middle-Income Adults With Disabilities
12-16-20
The Support at Home pilot program provided financial support for the purchase of home care services by middle-income adults with disabilities in San Francisco to support aging in place. The mixed-methods evaluation of the program incorporated administrative records, surveys of clients and...
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Recovery with Limited Progress: Impact of California Proposition 209 on Racial/Ethnic Diversity of California Medical School Matriculants, 1990 to 2019
12-09-20
Proposition 209 prohibits the use of affirmative action – the practice of considering an individuals’ race, sex, color, ethnicity or national origin – in public education, employment and contracting. This brief expands on previous studies that analyzed the impact of Proposition 209 on the racial/...
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Nurse Practitioner Students as an Essential Workforce: The Lessons of Coronavirus Disease 2019
12-09-20
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disrupted the education and clinical training of nursing students. Clinical sites shut out students over low equipment supplies, physical distancing requirements, and redeployment of staff.
The purpose of this paper is to highlight a progressive solution to...
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The Role of Value-Based Payment in Promoting Innovation to Address Social Risks: A Cross-Sectional Study of Social Risk Screening by U.S. Physicians
12-01-20
One of the most important possibilities of value-based payment is its potential to spur innovation in upstream prevention, such as attention to social needs that lead to poor health. However, there is uncertainty about the conditions under which value-based payment will encourage health care...
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Do Penalty-Based Pay-for-Performance Programs Improve Surgical Care More Effectively than Other Payment Strategies? A Systematic Review
12-01-20
The aim of this systematic review is to assess if penalty-based pay-for-performance (P4P) programs are more effective in improving quality and cost outcomes compared to two other payment strategies (i.e., rewards and a combination of rewards and penalties) for surgical care in the United States. A...
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Expanding Dental Therapy Education Programs
11-25-20
Access to oral healthcare remains a significant problem in the United States. One solution that has gained momentum over the past decade is the expansion of the oral health workforce through the addition of a new member: the dental therapist (DT). This article describes the progress and development...
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Racial Disparities in Financial Security, Work and Leisure Activities, and Quality of Life Among the Direct Care Workforce
11-20-20
Personal care, home health, and nursing aides provide the majority of care to chronically ill and disabled older adults. This workforce faces challenging working conditions, resulting in high turnover and workforce instability that affect the quality of care for older adults. We examined the...
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CIN Connections, Fall 2020: Emerging Innovations: Health Care During a Pandemic
11-16-20
The year 2020 has been unlike any other. The changes we’re now seeing in our clinics and through our screens, and the methods being used to address patient needs that we hadn’t previously considered will impact health care for years to come. This issue of CIN Connections features reflections from...
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Medical Staffing Organization and Quality of Care Outcomes in Post-acute Care Settings
11-04-20
Medical providers are significant drivers of care in post-acute long-term care (PALTC) settings, yet little research has examined the medical provider workforce and its role in ensuring quality of care. This study examined the impact of nursing home medical staffing organization (NHMSO) dimensions...
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COVID-19 and the Health Workforce
10-31-20
The health workforce has been greatly affected by COVID-19. In this commentary, we describe the articles included in this health workforce research supplement and how the issues raised by the authors relate to the COVID-19 pandemic and rapidly changing health care environment.
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Policies Matter! Factors Contributing to Nursing Home Outbreaks During the COVID-19 Pandemic
10-27-20
Between February 2020 when the COVID-19 pandemic began and August 2020, the nation has watched over 5.2 million individuals become infected and over 167,000 deaths. Unfortunately, many of the infections and deaths have been nursing home residents and staff. To date, the Centers for Medicare and...
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Tracking Oral Health in a Standardized, Evidence‐Based, Prevention‐Focused Dental Care System
10-26-20
Learning health‐care systems are foundational for measuring and achieving value in oral health care. This article describes the components of a preventive dental care program and the quality of care in a large dental accountable care organization. A retrospective study design describes and...
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Practicing Holistic Review in Medical Education
10-23-20
Holistic review is a conceptual framework that encourages medical schools to consider a wide range of criteria in deciding which applicants to admit. It promotes a balanced approach to the admissions process, taking into account both the need to admit students whose Medical College Admissions Test...
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Evaluation of the San Francisco Support at Home Program: Year 3 Report
10-14-20
The purpose of this report is to outline the findings from the third year (July 1, 2019-June 30, 2020) of the San Francisco Support at Home (S@H) pilot program. This report provides some background information on the program, but more information and context can be found in the Year 1 and Year 2...
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Time Trends in the Regional Distribution of Physicians, Nurses and Midwives in Europe
10-12-20
Country-level data suggest large differences in the supply of health professionals among European countries. However, little is know about the regional supply of health professionals taking a cross-country comparative perspective. The aim of the study was to analyse the regional distribution of...
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How Evidence-based Is US Dental Workforce Policy for Rural Communities?
10-02-20
Populations residing in rural America have lower rates of dental care utilization, higher rates of dental caries, less water fluoridation, and fewer dentists per capita when compared to those living in urban environments. Dental workforce shortages in rural communities are endemic, despite the...
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Scope-of-Practice Regulation and Nurse Practitioners as Usual Source of Care Providers
10-01-20
Several trends suggest that the nurse practitioner (NP) workforce has untapped potential to expand healthcare capacity to increase access to care. The aim of this study was to examine NPs as usual source of care providers and investigate their relationship with state scope-of-practice regulations.
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Role of Nurse Practitioners in Caring for Patients With Complex Health Needs
10-01-20
The objective of this study was to estimate trends in the percentage of Medicare beneficiaries cared for by nurse practitioners from 2012 to 2017, to characterize beneficiaries cared for by nurse practitioners in 2017, and to examine how the percentage of beneficiaries cared for by nurse...
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Effect of State Regulatory Environments on Advanced Psychiatric Nursing Practice
10-01-20
Although there has been significant progress across states to remove or diminish barriers to the exercise of full scope of practice by advanced practice registered nurses (APRN), state regulations continue to unnecessarily restrict APRN practice in most of the United States. This article integrates...
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The Impact of Nurse Delegation Regulations on the Provision of Home Care Services: A Four-State Case Study
09-23-20
The objective of this study was to explore how home care workers and the agencies that employ them interact with their state’s nurse practice act in the provision of care. Using a qualitative case study approach, they selected four states with varying levels of restrictiveness in their nurse...
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Medical Care Delivery in US Nursing Homes: Current and Future Practice
09-22-20
The delivery of medical care services in US nursing homes (NH) is dependent on a workforce comprised of physicians, nurse practitioners (NP), and physician assistants (PA). Each of these disciplines operate under a unique regulatory framework while adhering to common standards of care. NH provider...
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These Key Telehealth Policy Changes Would Improve Buprenorphine Access While Advancing Health Equity
09-11-20
Suspected opioid overdose deaths are surging during the COVID-19 pandemic, increasing by more than 40% in May and continuing to rise. The short-term emergency authorizations for audio-only buprenorphine treatment during COVID-19 have helped us reach people previously unable to access treatment, and...
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Nursing Home Patient Safety Culture Perceptions Among US and Immigrant Nurses
09-01-20
Patient safety is a global concern, yet little is known about how and whether perceptions of patient safety culture (PSC) vary by nurses' countries of origin and preparation. This is particularly important in American nursing homes (NHs), which are increasingly hiring non-US born and prepared...
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Dental Workforce Trends: A National Study of Gender Diversity and Practice Patterns
08-28-20
The dental workforce is increasingly gender diverse. This study analyzed gender differences in dental practice using the American Dental Association’s 2010-2016 Masterfile and the 2017 Survey of Dental Practice. Between 2010 and 2016, the proportion of women working in dentistry increased from 24.5...
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The Relationship Between Portable School‐Based Oral Health Prevention Services and Subsequent Oral Health Treatment
08-20-20
This study examines whether a portable, school‐based, preventive oral health program was associated with reduced use of treatment services over time. They obtained encounter data from Community Health Center, Inc. (CHC) in Connecticut that operates such a program. They followed cohorts of children...
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Veterinarian Workforce and Education in California
07-31-20
This report presents an overview of California’s veterinarian workforce. The majority of veterinarians care for companion animals (i.e., pets). Others work in settings such as agriculture, research, and public health. As a health sciences discipline with expertise across multiple species and...
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Registered Nurse and Advanced Practice Registered Nurse Workforce and Education in California
07-31-20
Registered nurses (RNs) are the largest group of health care professionals in the United States. They work in a wide range of health care settings and provide a variety of services including acute care, primary care and preventive services.
Prospective RNs can complete one of four types of...
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Public Health Workforce and Education in California
07-31-20
This report presents an overview of current and future supply and demand for California’s public health workforce. Public health professionals perform a wide range of services aimed at creating the conditions in which people can be healthy. Some public health professionals provide services to...
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Physician Workforce and Medical Education in California
07-31-20
This report presents an overview of California’s allopathic (MD) and osteopathic (DO) physicians.
Allopathic medical schools grant the Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree, while osteopathic medical schools grant the Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO) degree. Graduates earning an MD typically complete...